Package net.time4j.history

Enum Class NewYearRule

java.lang.Object
java.lang.Enum<NewYearRule>
net.time4j.history.NewYearRule
All Implemented Interfaces:
Serializable, Comparable<NewYearRule>, java.lang.constant.Constable
public enum NewYearRule extends Enum<NewYearRule>

Defines a listing of common historic new year rules.

Note that some rules were simultaneously used in any region by different people.

Literature:

Since:
3.14/4.11
Author:
Meno Hochschild

  • Enum Constant Details

    • BEGIN_OF_JANUARY

      public static final NewYearRule BEGIN_OF_JANUARY

      The new year starts on January the first.

      This rule was and has been widely used until up to now. Some people call it the circumcision style according to some efforts of the church to connect that day to any religious events. However, the Romans had originally invented this rule celebrating the introduction of new consules in their office.

      Although sometimes in history the authorities like the church officially used other styles, many people still used to inofficially celebrate New Year on first of January.

    • BEGIN_OF_MARCH

      public static final NewYearRule BEGIN_OF_MARCH

      The new year starts on 1st of March.

      This rule was used in the Republic of Venice until 1797.

    • BEGIN_OF_SEPTEMBER

      public static final NewYearRule BEGIN_OF_SEPTEMBER

      The new year starts on 1st of September.

      This rule was used in Russia during midage (byzantine calendar).

    • CHRISTMAS_STYLE

      public static final NewYearRule CHRISTMAS_STYLE

      The new year starts on 25th of December (yyyy-12-25).

    • EASTER_STYLE

      public static final NewYearRule EASTER_STYLE

      The new year starts on Holy Saturday (one day before Easter Sunday).

      Mainly used in France until AD 1567. Due to the possibility to have two same dates per year, both dates were distinguished by the addition "after Easter/before Easter". This rule always uses the Julian calendar for determining Easter.

      Since:
      3.16/4.13

    • GOOD_FRIDAY

      public static final NewYearRule GOOD_FRIDAY

      The new year starts on Good Friday (two days before Easter Sunday).

      Due to the possibility to have two same dates per year, both dates were distinguished by the addition "after Easter/before Easter". This rule always uses the Julian calendar for determining Easter.

      Since:
      3.16/4.13

    • MARIA_ANUNCIATA

      public static final NewYearRule MARIA_ANUNCIATA

      The new year starts on 25th of March (yyyy-03-25), also called Lady Day or Calculus Florentinus.

      This rule was also called the annunciation style and applied in parts of Europe during midage (was officially in effect in England until 1752). A great disadvantage of this reckoning system is Easter happening not at all, once or twice per year.

    • CALCULUS_PISANUS

      public static final NewYearRule CALCULUS_PISANUS

      The new year starts on 25th of March (yyyy-03-25), but one year earlier than the calculus florentinus.

      This rule was used in Pisa/Italy based on the statement that the date of incarnation of Jesus must happen before the birth.

      See Also:
      MARIA_ANUNCIATA

    • EPIPHANY

      public static final NewYearRule EPIPHANY

      The new year starts on 6th of January.

      This rule was used in some East European countries during early midage.

      Since:
      3.16/4.13

  • Method Details

    • values

      public static NewYearRule[] values()
      Returns an array containing the constants of this enum class, in the order they are declared.
      Returns:
      an array containing the constants of this enum class, in the order they are declared

    • valueOf

      public static NewYearRule valueOf​(String name)
      Returns the enum constant of this class with the specified name. The string must match exactly an identifier used to declare an enum constant in this class. (Extraneous whitespace characters are not permitted.)
      Parameters:
      name - the name of the enum constant to be returned.
      Returns:
      the enum constant with the specified name
      Throws:
      IllegalArgumentException - if this enum class has no constant with the specified name
      NullPointerException - if the argument is null

    • until

      public NewYearStrategy until​(int annoDomini)

      Creates a new-year-strategy based on this rule which is valid until given year of era.

      Time4J will always use first of January as New Year for all times before the Council of Tours in AD 567 where a first try of the church is documented to move away from the Roman tradition how to celebrate New Year. So this method is only relevant for times after the Council of Tours.

      Parameters:
      annoDomini - end year of validity range related to era AD (exclusive)
      Returns:
      NewYearStrategy
      Throws:
      IllegalArgumentException - if given year is not after AD 567 (when the Council of Tours took place)
      Since:
      3.14/4.11